Racism And Double Discrimination By Lorraine Hansberry

Kisanet Sium English 1B Professor M. Jones July 7, 2016 Racism and Double discrimination One of the many sad things about being an African American woman is that she suffers not just one but double racism as a black and as a woman. Lorraine Hansberry in 1959 wrote a play, Raisin in the Sun, focusing on an African American Family living in the mid 20th century, emphasizing how terrible it is to live as a woman and as black in the United states. It is a play that symbolizes the American society in the 20th century by characters. The play is about on how a colored family tries to change their lives for the better after they receive their father’s death insurance money. the money created misunderstandings and arguments in the family as they all try to manage it the way they want, but in the end the person who gets the chance to manage the money and do what he wants to do is the male of the house. Set in Chicago in the 1950s, where housing crisis and racial discrimination was at its peak, the play definitely gives a powerful revolutiona ry message to all minority groups in the United States. Played by African American family, the play Raisin in the Sun, gives an insight to how a socially low ranked colored family lives day-by-day. In addition to the racial discrimination, the play also shows the mistreat women, especially women of color, suffer and calls for revolution. The play fives a clear explanation to how the 20th-Century-America is not a place where aShow MoreRelatedSummary Of Lorraine Hansberry 1486 Words   |  6 PagesLorraine Hansberry, born May 19, 1930, made a very prominent contribution to society in her short lived life. She was born to a middle class family as the youngest of four children. Her father was a successful real estate broker who also founded one of the first Negro banks in Chicago (Adams 247). Lorraine’s mother was a schoolteacher named Nannie Perry who later became a ward committeewoman. In 1938, Lorraine’s father took a stand against the real estate covenants in Chicago due to the fact thatRead MoreHow Money Plays A Big Role1956 Words   |  8 Pagesa Big Role The Play, A Raisin in the Sun, written by Lorraine Hansberry, is a story about an African American family, the Youngers, who live in an awfully, small sized, ghetto apartment in Chicago. The Youngers include, Lena the mother aka Mrs. Younger, Walter her son, Beneatha her daughter, as well as Ruth her daughter in law and Travis her grandson. The Youngers, essentially, establish a decent perspective of how money, poverty, and racism all play a role in society as well as with money. FurthermoreRead MoreA Raisin Of The Sun And Harper Lee s A Hansberry2256 Words   |  10 Pages Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun and Harper Lee’s To Kill A Mockingbird portray prejudicial parameters that properly represent the social issues of the early twentieth century. Both authors use issues of race, gender roles, and social status to connect their work to the nonfictional events occurring in their own lives. The characters in both novels experience personal judgement, as well as the ability to witness its effect on those around them. Racial inequality is presented throughoutRead MoreEssay on Dreams Deferred in Hansberrys A Raising in the Sun1902 Words   |  8 Pagesconcept by expressing that each character’s idea of the American Dream is distinct in its own way. In spite of the fact that each characters goal is different, they all have one thing in common; each goal requires a sacrifice. The way in which Hansberry uses language, characterization, and setting clearly details the overwhelming truth that the fulfillment of dreams comes at a p rice. The foremost component of Hansberry’s publication that communicates her theme is language. The characters eachRead MoreWhite Dominance During The Post Segregation Era945 Words   |  4 PagesWhite Dominance in the Post-Segregation Era Lorraine Hansberry’s play, A Raisin in the Sun, addresses the hardships of an African-American family living in the projects of post-segregation Chicago. The family aspires to fulfill their dreams of owning a home despite the odds they face. W.E.B Du Bois critical race theory explains the issue of racism and white dominance that not only the family in the play faces, but the African-American community as a whole. American society only allows for African-AmericansRead MoreWhat Does You Dream Deferred? Lorraine Hansberry s Play, A Raisin And The Sun ``942 Words   |  4 PagesWhat Happens to Dreams Deferred? Lorraine Hansberry’s play, A Raisin in the Sun, addresses the hardships of an African-American family living in the projects of post-segregation Chicago. The family aspires to fulfill their dreams of owning a home despite the odds they face. W.E.B Du Bois critical race theory explains the issue of racism and white dominance that not only the family in the play faces, but the African American community as a whole. American society only allows for African AmericansRead MoreCalculus Oaper13589 Words   |  55 Pagesnineteenth-century women s emotional focus on women. Emotionally important can of course refer to anger as well as to love, or to that intense mixture of the two often found in women s relationships with women: one aspect of what I have come to call the double-life of women (see below). Chodorow concludes that because women have women as mothers, The mother remains a primary internal object [sic] to the girl, so that heterosexual relationships are on the model of a nonexclusive, second relationship for

Lge 500 Week 10 Discussion 12 Essay - 2300 Words

Underlying Causes Please respond to the following: Analyze at least three underlying causes for the creation of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Next, rank the causes that you have analyzed from the most important to the least important to the creation of the Act. Explain your rationale. In the later part of 1990s, there was an epidemic of accounting scandals which arose with the disclosure of financials transgressions by trusted corporate executives. The misdeeds involved misusing or misdirecting funds, understating expenses, overstating the value of corporate assets or underreporting the existence of liabilities, and overstating of revenues. Some of the companies involved in the creating accounting practice in the late 1990s and early†¦show more content†¦There were a lot of pointing fingers in the accounting scandals that plagued the economy in the 1990s within the companies involved. Congress decided to hold the CEO and CFO responsibility for any financial misreporting. This made the third most important causes of creating SOX. Determine three most important provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Provide a scenario or example of each to justify why each provision that you determined is important Sarbanes-Oxley was motived by the never-ending waves of corporate financial scandals by Enron, Arthur Andersen, WorldCom, Waste Management, Global Crossing etc. There are 11 sections in the act. There following are the three (3) most important provision in the Sarbanes Oxley Act due to the simple fact that The US Congress were trying to enact a law to combat corporate fraud and misleading of investors: The three (3) most important provisions of Sarbanes-Oxley include: * Creation of PCAOB * Auditor independence and a prohibition on audit firms offering value-added (read conflict of interest) services * Certification of financial reports by CEOs and CFOs First, Congress saw the need to create an independent body to oversee the audit of public companies that are subject to the securities laws. PCAOB was established to protect the investors and further the public interest in the preparation of informative, accurate, and independent audit reports for public companies. Before the SOX, TheShow MoreRelatedCialis Case Essay9153 Words   |  37 PagesHARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL 9-505-038 REV: JUl Y 2 8. 201 0 ElIE OFEK Product Team Cialis: Getting Ready to Market It was early 2002, and Mark Barbato, the executive director and global product team leader for Cialis, knew he faced a daunting task: launching a medicine for the treatment of male impotence in a market with an established leader-Viagra. 1 Not only had Viagra been generating over $1 billion in sales annually for its parent company Pfizer for three consecutive years, but

The Theme of Deception in Othello Free Essays

THE THEME OF DECEPTION The theme of deception is one of the central themes that is shown through-out the play of â€Å"Othello† written by William Shakespeare. The idea of deception and decieving is surrounded by the character of Iago, the master mind behind all the deception. It is through the character of Iago that the readers are able to visualise just how badly the doing’s of deception can effect and ruin those whom are being decieved. We will write a custom essay sample on The Theme of Deception in Othello or any similar topic only for you Order Now Through this essay i will explore how Iago effects the other characters through-out the play as well as showing the concequences it had on them due to their flaws. The idea of deception is found early on in the play when Iago says â€Å"I follow him to serve my turn upon him† showing us that he is just using Othello’s trust and friendship for his own personal needs. Iago follows on by saying â€Å"I am not what I am†. This clearly shows the readers what Iago’s true intentions are. The ability to â€Å"seem something† but to â€Å"be something else† allows the readers to be manipulated into thinking that Iago is of a â€Å"honest† nature. Iago’s true intentions of decieving everyone who is close to him allows us to see just how deceptive and manipulative Iago is. His level of betrayal clearly indicates that he is alining himself with the devil by sneaking around and hiding secrets from those we consider his family and friends. This is because he goes out of his way to decieve and betray the other characters showing that Iago is the exact opposite to what he is known as, â€Å"honest Iago† without anyone actually being aware of what is happening around them. Each of the characters in the play â€Å"Othello† are each decieved in their own way whether it be the plotting of seeds, or the manipulation of emotions each of the characters vulnerbilities are tested by Iago’s actions. One character that is constantly decieved and mislead by iago’s words is Roderigo. Roderigos is a naive, young character that lets his love for Desdemona over rule all his thoughts and judgements. His downfall of being naively inlove allows Roderigo to be an easy target for Iago by manipulating him into believing that money could buy Desdemona’s love. â€Å"Go to; How to cite The Theme of Deception in Othello, Essay examples

Distribution Channel in Hospitality and Tourism Free-Samples

Question: Discuss about the Distribution Theory System in the Context of The Park Hyatt. Answer: Introduction The Park Hyatt Sydney is an entrusted five star brand located at 7 Hickson Rd, The Rocks NSW 2000, Australia. The Park Hyatt Sydney allows guest to have a calm stay in their hotel. The hotel features abundant meeting and conference facilities based on the local market demand. The convention rooms are part of premium group, meetings or conferences. The business hotel guests are a part of premium group for the travelers seeking effective facilities. The hotel provides a safe stay to the couples and families who wish to enjoy together. The Hyatt is a mixture of corporate and personal experience to the guest. The Park Hyatt Sydney provides a prominent selection to the travelers in a deliberate manner. The brand has developed itself as a personal guest service and provide with an extensive range of comprehensive business services to facilitate luxurious way of living (Andrew, Schmidgall and Damitio, 2007). Scope Purpose The report provides distribution theory system in the context of The Park Hyatt, Sydney and allows readers to understand the distribution product and services. It compares the role, effectiveness of the hotel in the current market situation. Further, the report provides a Critical analysis of the technological applications used by the brand in order to optimize operational effectiveness. An evaluation on the distribution theory and channel players that are been used by the brand in order to manage efficiency. Value Proposition The Park Hyatt Sydney is a combined value of courtesy, care and comfort. It provides a discreet residential and sophisticated style. It is currently offering with a wide range of guest services and luxurious suites to the guest. The Park Hyatt Sydney is a perfect synonym of luxury. The hotel is located at one of the worlds most beautiful harbor. It perfectly personified contemporary harbor side luxury with the popular location between Sydney opera house and Harbor Bridge. The luxurious hotel offers intimate surroundings with a perfect blend of architecture. It includes 155 spacious guest-rooms and luxurious suites with contemporary interiors and floors. They have an open balcony with 24 hours butler services and open sundeck (Our hotel, 2017). The hotel provides spectacular harbor front view of the Sydney opera house and a special dine-in-location. The hotels waterfront restaurant bar and private dining has helped in providing a special feature. The recreational feature has facilitated an enhanced position in Sydney hotel industry. The gallery of the hotel is marked as a contemporary location featuring commissioned artwork and renowned work by eminent personalities. The luxurious new guest house is located on the edge of Sydney Harbor providing an exquisite view to the visitors. The Study of Park Hyatt Sydney is a part of an impressive internal wine cellar for meetings and family engagement. The all three venues are a part of the top most wedding locations at Sydney (Nyheim and Connolly, 2011). Features of the Park Hyatt, Sydney It is located at the coveted Sydney harbor front location. 155 rooms and suites including three new rooftops and private panoramic view at Sydney Harbor Providing complimentary broadband facilities to the guests. They are also providing with the Floor-to-ceiling glass doors and spacious private balconies They have an exclusive commissioned artwork by renowned Australian Artisans He coveted hotel provide 24*7 personal butler facility. They are also providing with a private wharf accessible by water taxi. They have an outdoor rooftop and terrace exclusive guest facility. They have five elegant meeting rooms with the modern amenities and specially commissioned artwork. It has a special spa, private treatment rooms and a relaxation room for the guests. Distribution theory system A distribution channel strategy allows an individual to sell its customers in a particular geographical area or market sector where direct team cannot reach. There are various distribution channels that are used to attain effectiveness. Each channel allows in dealing with the customers and their prospects. In order to manage the distribution channel it is important to incorporate a strategy to control and support the organization (Linton, 2017). The Park Hyatt Sydney believes in incorporating a key concept of an effective distribution channel. The overall strategy of the brand is growing regionally and nationally by reaching out with their efficient distribution channel. E- Marketing is the crucial part for the brand that is used to gain customer attention worldwide. The distribution channel allows them to manage the revenue. It provides them with a platform to compare the overall cost setting to manage network. The distribution channel allows in comparing the margin with the help of training and marketing support. The distribution channel allows contribution to an additional customer base without any direct sales and marketing costs. Employees support programs in order to meet the distribution channel. There are options that allow in managing the direct marketing campaigns in order to deliver a higher standard of service to the customers. They have attained largest customer base through technical team and capability. They are using the channel partners to deal with the customers in an effective way. (Source: Distribution Channels.2017) Marketing campaign The Hyatt is able to manage the distribution channel through sales and marketing Team. The brand is giving preference on driving revenue of the hotel. The sales and marketing teams understand the various customer segments, market dynamics through new technology and media platforms. The marketing strategy is designed to create brand value and awareness. The purpose of the marketing campaign is to create a distinctive brand position in the market. Hyatt primarily focuses on different customer segments by supporting the needs of the hotel though analytical tools. The centralized system at Hyatt believes in maximizing the revenue through sophisticated quantitative strategic analytics and predictive modeling. The electronic distribution channel is the key contributors for Hyatt reservation. It is one of the most interactive portals to deal with the guests. Hyatt.com is the centralized worldwide sales and marketing efforts to optimize the efficiency. Online booking has become one of the im portant parts of the distribution strategy. SiteMinder provides a cost well-organized way to manage the distribution channels. It helps in managing the daily tasks in an efficient way. It provides an overall global support. The distribution theory used by Hyatt is concrete with the marketing strategies. The organization believes in unifying the brand name through distinct integration strategies in order to gain market share. The brand is offering is an integrated marketing communication through search engine optimization and marketing, social media, viral marketing, email programs and distributed content. The business Intelligence unit uses digital marketing efficiencies in order to perform E-commerce. Pricing The Hyatt has efficiently using the business channel by carefully mapping price at every step of the distribution channel. This includes a fair profit for every individual attached with the distribution channel. Pricing conflicts are common in an organization due to difference in implementation of strategy. The Hyatt has a common practice to ensure efficient pricing at each step .They are effectively using service channel and partners in order to procure a high amount of revenue. The Hyatt has expanded its brand portfolio, sales efforts that include Worldwide Sales Force (WWSF) by focusing on promotion numerous brands. They are currently providing services to 1,800 highly valued customers (Competitive strengths, 2017). Sales process With a team of over 100 individuals located across the world, the sales strategy is focusing on maximizing Hyatts Ability to grow the top line revenue. Their exclusive sales automation application allow in accelerating the sales process. The dedicated business and Leisure travel sales force operates the leisure account in an effective way. They have a powerful team that caters to individual needs through advance booking mechanism and associated substantial catering revenue. Professional does rate Hyatt as a most preferred brand. They are able to manage vital relationship with the customers through effective sales strategy. The overall purpose of incorporating an effective sales strategy is to improve the revenue (Competitive strengths, 2017). Channel SWOT analysis The channel Swot analysis helps in understanding the strengths and weakness at The Park Hyatt, Sydney. It further analyzes the opportunities threat that need to be give an importance in order to improve the situation. Strength Offering with a wide range of guest services and luxurious suites to the guest The sales and marketing teams understand the various customer segments, market dynamics through new technology and media platforms. Worldwide Sales Force (WWSF) by focusing on promotion numerous brands at Hyatt. The distribution channel is concrete and is based on human resource efficiency. Weakness Strategies need to be communicated effectively to the external stakeholders The inter-departmental communication need to be improved to accelerate the distribution channel Opportunities Major expansion opportunities in the local market. They can replicate corporate business through personalized services. Another opportunity is to strengthen the distribution channels through distribution channel. Threats There is likely a huge competition from the international brands The other competitive brands have implemented the distribution channel effectively. Effectiveness of current Marketing Plan in terms of distribution channel The marketing plan for managing the distribution channel is confidently designed to maintain brand value and respond to the changing hospitality industry. The Hyatt is focused on targeting serving distinct guests through the exquisite services. They have symmetrically organized incorporated their distribution channels by improving overall brand function (Walker and Miller, 2009). The aim is to maximize the potential revenue through existing customers and to expand the number of new clients through distinctive approach. The purpose of the marketing team is to deliver distinct services according to the customers needs. The quality driven model has enabled the brand to attain a distinct experience on a long term. It is used to develop a valuable model for the customers (Boella and Goss-Turner, 2013). Hyatt is using a coordinated marketing initiative that provides benefit to the sub-set. The purpose of the brand is to organize an effective brand placement by effectively placing a brand name in the market (Pizam and Shani, 2009). The corporate marketing team has effectively enabled itself to organize the marketing services by channelizing the distribution function. The marketing manager utilizes the business requirements by developing the objectives in priority. They have an effective brand promotional and marketing strategy to attain market efficiencies (Law, Leung, Lo, Leung and Fong, 2015). The direct marketing is handled by the PR Agency of The Park Hyatt Sydney. They have however selected a list of corporate companies to send them information about Hotel. They know the importance of direct marketing and PR agency while handling queries. There is excessive competition from the local and international hotel chain (Mok, Sparks and Kadampully, 2013; Hayes and Ninemeier, 2009). Critical analysis of technological applications and Innovations Technology is coming up as an efficient tool to manage the distribution channel in an effective way. The Hyatt is using high ended technology mechanism to attain differentiation strategy. They are providing employees with highly skilled training (Jin-zhao and Jing, 2009). The Hyatt is expanding the business portfolio through Worldwide Sales Force (WWSF) by focusing on selling numerous brands. It is necessary to effectively position in the market so as to attain competitive advantage against the other brands. This is important in terms of gaining effectiveness in the current competitive era. Search engine optimization and marketing, social media, viral marketing, email programs and distributed content are used as a technological process to initiate the distribution channel. Channel power and conflict issues The market strategy of the brand is to attain high efficiency by retaining corporate guests and to follow an effective structure by managing contacts. The role of the distribution channel is to gain efficiency. It is necessary to note that the whole hospitality industry is developing at a fast pace. It is facing issues to keep a track on the market needs and to focus on the evolving market needs like travel trade, information and technology industry and the automotive industry. Apart from the international companies they should target on the local firms. It will enable the firm to attain economy of scale. The independent marketing program will enable the brand to adopt the drastic changes occurring in the overall hotel industry (ONeill and Davis, 2011). An effective distribution channel is important for gaining efficiencies in order to gain maximum result. Recommendations There are ample of growing opportunities in the Sydney market in terms of managing the distribution channel. In this competitive atmosphere it is recommended to shape the policies keeping in mind the needs of the customers. The Park Hyatt serves different types of guest. In order to retain the customers they should strive on developing customized packages for the customers. This will enable in creating an unforgettable experience for the guest. It is recommended to provide corporate services to the local and international companies. This will enable in achieving a competitive advantage against the other local and international brands. It should focus on providing technology based solution to the customers so as to attain the modern structure. They should try to imbibe the modern culture according to the guest by channelizing distribution theory. . In this way the hotel can attain efficacy in the Sydney market. Conclusion The report includes the distribution theory system of The Park Hyatt Sydney. The Hyatt group is a mixture of corporate and personal experience to the guest. The Hyatt provides a prominent option to the travelers in a strategic way. In the recent time the brand has developed itself as a popular brand. Recommendations form an important part of the report offering effective distribution channel theory in the competitive market. It is important to implement the technological application in order to gain efficiency. The hospitality industry is developing at a fast pace which requires implementation of effective strategies. References: Andrew, W.P., Schmidgall, R.S. and Damitio, J.W., 2007.Financial management for the hospitality industry. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. Boella, M. and Goss-Turner, S., 2013.Human resource management in the hospitality industry: A guide to best practice. Routledge. Brotherton, B. ed., 2012.International Hospitality Industry. Routledge. Buhalis, D. and Crotts, J., 2013.Global alliances in tourism and hospitality management. Routledge. Competitive strengths, 2017. Online Available at: https://hyattdevelopment.com/competitive_strengths/sales_and_marketing.html Accessed on: 1 June 2017 Distribution Channels. 2017. Image. Available at: https://www.marketingmo.com/strategic-planning/how-to-develop-your-distribution-channels/ Accessed on: 1 June 2017 Hayes, D.K. and Ninemeier, J.D., 2009.Human resources management in the hospitality industry. John Wiley Sons. Holcomb, J.L., Upchurch, R.S. and Okumus, F., 2007. Corporate social responsibility: what are top hotel companies reporting?.International journal of contemporary hospitality management,19(6), pp.461-475. Jin-zhao, W. and Jing, W.A.N.G., 2009. Issues, challenges, and trends, that facing hospitality industry.Management Science and Engineering,3(4), p.53. Law, R., Leung, R., Lo, A., Leung, D. and Fong, L.H.N., 2015. Distribution channel in hospitality and tourism: Revisiting disintermediation from the perspectives of hotels and travel agencies. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27(3), pp.431-452. Linton,I. 2017. Online Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/develop-distribution-channel-strategy-56913.html Accessed on: 1 June 2017 Mok, C., Sparks, B. and Kadampully, J., 2013.Service quality management in hospitality, tourism, and leisure. Routledge. Nyheim, P. and Connolly, D., 2011.Technology strategies for the hospitality industry. Prentice Hall Press. ONeill, J.W. and Davis, K., 2011. Work stress and well-being in the hotel industry.International journal of hospitality management,30(2), pp.385-390. Our hotel, 2017. Online. Available at: https://sydney.park.hyatt.com/en/hotel/our-hotel.html Accessed on: 5 May 2017 Paryani, K., Masoudi, A. and Cudney, E.A., 2010. QFD application in the hospitality industry: A hotel case study.The Quality Management Journal,17(1), p.7. Pizam, A. and Shani, A., 2009. The nature of the hospitality industry: present and future managers' perspectives.Anatolia,20(1), pp.134-150. Tranter, K.A., 2009.An introduction to revenue management for the hospitality industry: Principles and practices for the real world. Pearson Education India. Walker, J.R. and Miller, J.E., 2009.Supervision in the hospitality industry: Leading human resources. John Wiley and Sons. Withiam, G., 2011. Social media and the hospitality industry: Holding the tiger by the tail.

Crocodiles Essays (170 words) - Crocodylidae, Alcelaphinae

Crocodiles The crocodiles seem to know a herd of wildebeest has arrived before anyone else does. The most ferocious group of crocodiles is in line along the shore awaiting a chance to capture one of the wildebeest. After a series of weeks, the seasonal river shrinks into a series of pools. This makes it even harder for animals to get something to drink without getting attacked by a crocodile, some of which are eighteen feet, weigh almost a ton, and can move at extremely deadly speeds. On top of this, the crocodiles will eat anything they can catch. The crocodile is a cold-blooded reptile with a very slow metabolism; therefore, they can last six months or longer without eating. Many of the crocodiles only eat when these herds come. The herds are easier targets because many of the wildebeest, especially calves, have never seen a crocodile before. The impalas, baboons, and warthogs that live there year-round have learned when and when not to approach the river. The crocodiles' annual feast on the unexpecting wildebeest in the Grumeti River has proven these crocodiles to be very strong and deadly. Science

Group Communication

Group Communication Socializing Agents Video 1: Group Communication Video Cases The group comprised of three different professionals; a school nurse, a psychiatrist, and a social worker. This diversity in group makeup affected their opinion on resolving the issue. The treatment approach favored by the three professionals varied with a particular approach being seen as more important and useful by each respective professional.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Group Communication specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The diversity of the group affected the group members’ communication style since they exhibited varying levels of assertiveness with the psychiatrist being the most assertive of the group. In this case, diversity was a hindrance to communication since group members were keen to defend their position. The psychiatrist supported medication while the social worker advocated for a more holistic approach. Evidently, the communic ation was not effective since each member was only interested in advancing their preferred approach without giving due consideration to the suggestions made by the others. Written communication method would have been more effective in this case. This is because each member would have been forced to go through the ideas proposed by the other members to completion before reacting to him or her (Adair, 2009). Use of presentations would also have helped since each member would have been allocated time to give their opinions without interruption from other members. Video 2: Planning a Playground In the planning a playground video, verbal and nonverbal interactions occur among the members. The nonverbal cues were communicating a lack of conviction in some of the proposals being advanced by the members. However, the speaker did not respond to these nonverbal communications. The verbal communications are very well put and all members were able to properly articulate their issues and offer s olutions. The non-verbal communications also demonstrated attention to what was being said by the speaker. Constant nodding and eye contact facilitated the communication process among the members. Use of hand signals such as raising one’s hand when one had a point helped in the organization of the group. Non-verbal communications were also used to show disagreement with what the speaker was saying. While this communication was not helpful, it was backed up by verbal communication which helped to achieve effective communication. Presentation aids would have helped to better quantify the issue being discussed and help the members to understand the rationale behind the proposals on the playground money made. Keeping of written records of the meeting would also have been helpful for future reference (Hargie, 2006).Advertising Looking for report on communication strategies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Video 3: Virtual Miscommunication Listening involves receiving the sound waves and understanding what is being communicated by the speaker. Good listening skills are necessary for effective communication to take place. It also prevents misunderstandings and frustrations when the speaker perceives that they are not being listened to. Listening techniques were not properly utilized in the virtual miscommunication scenario. The listeners did not make use of any verbal affirmations to confirm that they were fully engaged with the communication process. In addition to this, the listeners were not paying proper attention to what the speaker was saying due to distractions. Another poor listening habit demonstrated in this video was interrupting a speaker while he is making a point. Techniques which could have facilitated the group process include active listening which is characterized by giving verbal affirmations to demonstrate that you understand what is being said would have helped confirm that the listeners were attentive and encourage the speaker to move on. The group members would also have made use of paraphrasing which involves repeating what the speaker has said in your own words (Cleary, 2004). Such a technique would ensure that there were no misunderstandings and in case they occurred, the speaker would have a chance to correct them. Personal Reflection Individual Strengths and Problem-Solving Techniques Paper Individual Strengths and the Group Process I was recently a part of a group whose task was to prepare for a wedding party for my friend. The group consisted of eight members including myself. The members of the group were of varying age groups, came from different backgrounds and possessed varying professional skills. Most of the group members did now know each other or have a relationship with each other outside of the group. A strength that I brought to the group setting was my enthusiasm for the project. Because of this enthusiasm, I was committed to the group and attended all meetings without fail. I also ensured that the group efficiency was increased by proposing that we appoint a chairperson and each member be given a role. I also took it upon myself to ensure that the group did not deviate into topics that were not relevant to the task at hand. I fostered effective communication among the members by making sure that the appropriate channels were used at all times.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Group Communication specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Because of these, instances of miscommunication were not there and no the group productivity was increased. I also ensured that each task was delegated to the most skilled person in that area. This meant that the tasks at hand were effectively completed due to the skills of the person in charge. There were some drawbacks which came about because of my strengths and skills. My insistence on sticking to the agenda had a negative impact on group cohesion. As I have noted, the group members were not familiar with each other. When someone tried to hold general conversations that were aimed at building a relationship among the members, I focused the group back to the issue at hand. Huszczo (2004) asserts that a good relationship among group members yields good performance by the team. My focus on the agenda therefore prevented members from building a relationship that would have raised commitment to the group tasks and brought about great results. My focus on the most skilled persons in the group also led to some members failing to participate in the group due to lack of confidence. Webne-Behrman (2008) observes that when this happens, the group suffers since it is denied a chance to benefit from the viewpoint of the members who refused to speak out. One skill that I could work on in order to foster a more effective group environment is to involve all the members of the group. By making all members f eel like important members of the team, the group will benefit from the insights of all the members. I can foster this skill by avoiding the temptation to focus only on the vocal members of the group and seeking ways to involve the members who appear to lack confidence. The group process was also affected by the strengths and skills of other members. On a positive side, the commitment exuded by the members. This commitment led to a deep determination to accomplish the goals and objectives that the group had set out to achieve. On the negative side, some members dominated the meetings and ended up making their issues the center of the discussion. Dominance derails the group from dealing with all the issues that need to be addressed (Kolin, 2009). Problem Solving Techniques and Group Decision Making Problem solving is one of the key activities carried out of the group and this solutions sometimes aid in the decision making process. Having good problem solving skills is therefore imper ative for the success of the group. There are a number of problem solving techniques that I frequently make use of. One technique that I make use of in problem solving is brainstorming in order to come up with a large number of ideas and then choose the best ones.Advertising Looking for report on communication strategies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Adair (2010) asserts that brainstorming is a very effective technique since it frees the participant from functional fixedness and gives a chance for new ideas to emerge. I also make use of abstraction to solve problem. This technique involves solving the problem at an abstractly in order to see how the solution will turn out. After that, I then apply the tested solution to the real problem. An advantage of abstraction is that it anticipates any adverse impacts of the solution proposed before they are implemented and changes can therefore be made. The last technique that I utilize is the trial and error means which involves applying each potential solution in sequence. This method is useful when a set of potential solutions have been decided but it is not yet clear which one works best. My techniques influence group decisions in a number of profound ways. Through brainstorming, the group is able to encompass numerous solutions and the best one is chosen for the given occasion. Throu gh brainstorming, the members of the group can be involved and this will lead to greater acceptability of the proposed solution. Abstraction also helps the group to simulate the impacts of the solution and therefore avoid the solutions that might lead to greater problems. Trial and error is very useful when the group members are fighting over which is the right approach to the problem. Straus (2002) elaborates that it is more productive to select one solution and see if it works. If it does not work, then another solution can be tried out until the right one is reached. There are other problem solving techniques that I could employ when making group decisions. I could also make of extensive research to solve problems. This method will look at similar problems and their solutions and then adapt this to the particular problem that our group is facing. By doing this, we will be able to build on what is already known to work and therefore get the best outcomes. I could also make use of the divide and conquer technique which involves breaking down a large problem into small solvable parts. This technique will help in solving problems which seem too complex to deal with. Splitting the problems into manageable chunks will ensure that the group is not overwhelmed as we try to solve the problem. Developing and improving my problem solving techniques will make me an even greater asset for my group. Straus (2002) stresses that problem solving skills can be learned through practice and exposure. I can increase my problem solving proficiency by reading case studies on problems and how to solve them. By doing this, I will be exposed to new and effective manners of solving problems and learn from experts. I will also be able to use the case study findings in my own problems. Playing puzzles and other mentally challenging games will also increase my analytical skills and therefore make me more proficient and solving problems. Keeping an open mind and being willing to try out other problem solving techniques proposed by other people will also help me to develop and further improve my skills. Group Motivation Inventory Paper Lessons learnt from the exercise Completing the Group Motivation Inventory exercise made me learn a number of things about myself. To begin with, I learnt that while I work very hard in my group, this dedication is mostly driven by the effort shown by the other group members. I also discovered that I do not spend too much time on group projects and mostly do only what we had agreed on with the other members. The exercise also revealed to me that I prefer working on my way since I would rather divide the tasks with the group members and then focus on my part individually. Even so, I observed that I appreciate the efforts made by other members of the group and easily commended them for their contributions to the group effort. Another lesson I learnt was that I prefer to avoid contentions and seek to preserve a cordial mood in the group setting. I therefore avoid issues that might result in strive with other members of the group. I also learnt that I am greatly concerned about the perception that other people have about my contributions. For example the appreciation I got from my group members inspired me to work even harder. It is likely that I would not have been as inspired had they not shown any appreciation for my efforts. Furthermore, I also noticed that I like taking initiative to ensure that the group objectives are met within the set deadlines. How the Knowledge affects my interaction with groups This knowledge affects the manner in which I interact in groups in significant ways. Groups are an invaluable tool for achieving significant results in many settings. The knowledge I gained made me realize that greater outcomes can be obtained from working together as a group. This is because each member of the group brings with him/her skills and expertise that can contribute to the generation of great ideas (Bro wn, 2000). I also need to develop intrinsic motivation and avoid letting my desire to work for the group be determined by the efforts shown by other members. The exercise also brought it to my attention that in many cases, I fall prey to groupthink and go along with the options forwarded by other members of the group even if I disagree. Groups achieve their purpose if they are able to come up with the best solution to handle a common problem. Guffey, Rogin Rhodes (2009) observe that groupthink damages the effectiveness of a group since it discourages open discussions and results in conformity which inhibits the best alternatives from being discovered and implemented. I will also be aware of any prejudice or bias I might have while interacting with group members. This awareness will keep me from derailing the communication process as a result of stereotypical views I might harbor (Greene Burleson, 2003). Different Approaches in Group Interaction From the results of the exercise, si gnificant weaknesses in my interaction in groups were highlighted. I therefore intend to act differently in some aspects. I will make use of good listening habits in order to facilitate communication efforts with others. Downs (2008) reveals that good listening skills can be acquired through lessons on effective listening. I therefore intend to overcome any poor listening habits I might have through training. For example, by acquiring active listening, I will be able to become an effective listener and also gain greater insights into the points being made by the speaker (Gottlieb, 2003). I will also work on looking interested in what the speaker has to say and adopting the proper non-verbal cues. This will encourage the members of my group to communicate more extensively and the group will gain invaluable information from each speaker. Actions to Increase my Motivation To be more motivated in the group efforts, I will engage in research on the subject matter before each meeting. By doing this, I will always have something to contribute during each meeting and I will not get bored as the other members get into detailed discussions about the matter at hand. I will make use of assertive communication to ensure that my opinions are heard by the members. Assertion will help me to maximize my satisfaction without violating the needs of the other group members and therefore promote positive interpersonal relationships in the group (Greene Burleson, 2003). By doing this, I will have a greater sense of ownership in the direction that the group is taking. This involvement will lead to greater motivation on my part. I will also set personal goals that I will seek to achieve for the group. Pynes (2008) asserts that the clear expectations which are characteristic of goal-setting theory result in high performance from individuals. Personal Incentives A number of personal incentives will help me to increase my commitment to the group. Having a sense of purpose will also ser ve as a great incentive in the group process. By having a clear objective and goal to achieve, I will be motivated to work hard in order to achieve the goals (Greene Burleson, 2003). My need to see any endeavor I take part in succeed will ensure that I have the proper motivation to work with the group. Greater participation in the group will invariably increase my influence in the group. The greater influence I will have on the decisions made by the group will also be a major incentive for me. Incentivizing Group Members The actions of each individual member will contribute positively or negatively to the success of the group. It is therefore important to foster a positive climate that encourages each member to make the necessary contribution to positively influence the outcomes of the group (Schneider, 2008).The motivations for group members’ may be deferent and this would call for different incentives to be employed. Encouraging intrinsic motivation in the group members wi ll be most beneficial. Sharbrough (2006) observes that internally motivated people yield the best results since they do not require any external factors such as promises of reward or threat of punishment to achieve the set goals. To drive the members, I will promote a culture where achievement is recognized and applauded. Jakobson (2007) reveals that by using simple methods such as acknowledging great performance from an individual member of the team during meetings, the member will be motivated to perform even better in future. Presentation Aids Presentation aids are tools that are used to enhance the group process by enhancing perception of the speaker and also helping the audience stay interested and remember what is being discussed. Computer generated slides such as Microsofts PowerPoint is the most favored presentation aids in group presentations. The speaker makes use of a computer program to create slides that may contain text, images, audio, and even video elements (Kolin, 2 009). In addition to this, the speaker may include notes to help him/her through the presentation. The slides are then presented through a projector to aid in the group presentation. Computer generated slides have a number of significant advantages. The end results look very professional, which increases the interest from the audience. It is also easy to make changes to the data and reproduce the slides if need be. The speaker can also maintain eye contact with the group members even as he/she presents. However, this presentation aid also has some demerits the most significant of which is that it can be distracting if funny images or too much color is used. Too much information on the slide will also reduce the efficiency of the presentation aid. In most cases, the room has to be darkened for the slides to be visible. This might cause some group members to lose concentration in the presentation. Another presentation aid used is handouts which are printed paper which contain the poin ts that the speaker is making. The handouts are offered to the group members and the can therefore help the audience to follow along with what is being discussed. A notable advantage of handouts is that they are very simple to make and use. Since they only require printing, they are cheap to implement. They also act as a lasting reference since members can go home with them (Schneider, 2008). The biggest disadvantage with handouts is that the audience may fail to concentrate on the speaker as they read ahead. These tools will therefore fail to enhance presentation by pulling attention away from the speaker. When the group is relatively large, handouts may be expensive since each member needs to have their own copy. Another presentation aid used in group presentations is the flip chart. This tool makes use of blank sheets of paper mounted on a board (Cleary, 2004). The speaker composes the desired visual aid by using markers or any other graphic material on the paper. The most obviou s advantage of the flip chart is that it is inexpensive and very easy to use as no special skills are required of the presenter. The aid is also easily portable to any location where the meeting is taking place. The speaker can add material to the charts in real time which makes it very good for interacting with the audience. There are some disadvantages associated with flip charts. To begin with, it is only useful for a small audience due to visibility. If the speaker uses illegible handwriting, the tool will not assist in the presentation efforts. Overhead Projectors are also popular presentation aids especially when a large group is being addressed. The overhead transparency projector machine is the only piece of equipment needed to utilize this aids (Guffey et al., 2009). The presenter can then project works, images, and illustrations to a screen. A significant advantage of overhead projectors is that they can be used in large auditorium without visibility being deteriorated. Th ey are also easy to use and do not require a lot of technical knowhow. On the downside, they are big and bulky and therefore not easy to transport. The presentations are also not very professional and may therefore not get the attention of the audience. References Adair, J. (2009). Effective Communication: The Most Important Management Skill of All. New York: Pan Macmillan. Adair, J. (2010). Decision Making and Problem Solving Strategies. NY: Kogan Page Publishers. Brown, R. (2000). Group processes: dynamics within and between groups. New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell. Cleary, S. (2004). The Communication Handbook: A Student Guide to Effective Communication. New Delhi: Juta and Company Ltd. Downs, L. J. (2008). Listening Skills Training. NJ: American Society for Training and Development. Gottlieb, M. (2003). Managing group process. New York: Greenwood Publishing Group. Greene, J. Burleson, B. (2003). Handbook of Communication and Social Interaction Skills. New York: Routledge. Guffey, E. , Rogin, P. Rhodes, K. (2009). Business Communication: Process and Product. NJ: Cengage Learning. Hargie, O. (2006). The Handbook of Communication Skills. NJ: Taylor Francis. Huszczo, G. (2004). Tools for Team Leadership: Delivering the X-factor in Team Excellence. Texas: Davies-Black Publishing. Jakobson, L. (2007) Harrahs Teams Up. Incentive 181(2), 10-20. Kolin, P. (2009). Successful Writing at Work. NY: Cengage Learning. Pynes, J. (2008). Human Resources Management for Public and Nonprofit Organizations: A Strategic Approach. NY: John Wiley and Sons. Schneider, M. (2008). Groups: process and practice. NY: Cengage Learning. Sharbrough, W. (2006). Motivating Language in Industry. Journal of Business Communication, 43(4), 322-343. Straus, D. (2002). How to Make Collaboration Work: Powerful Ways to Build Consensus, Solve Problems, and Make Decisions. Detroit: Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Webne-Behrman, H. (2008).The Practice of Facilitation: Managing Group Process and Solving Probl ems. Boston: IAP.

Emotion and Reason Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Emotion and Reason - Essay Example For instance, if a person is happy and he writes a poem about her state it will motivate the readers to respond to the same state though they were not before. Following this, emotions may only perpetuate if logic and reason do not exist. The emotions may build up too much and one may not understand the need of these emotions. With this in mind, Plato concludes that even destructive emotions can be positive if one employs reason and logic to enhance a deeper understanding along with truth. This is summed up by the three components of human mind, which are desire, emotive, and reasoning parts. In his model, Aristotle believed that emotions are in split module but centred by ethical standards that result to desirable emotions. In this context, the right emotions are established from the principle of living a moral life. While people with desirable morals have right emotions those with undesirable life are vice versa. Aristotle believes that morals must harmonise with emotions and when t hey are combined dictates the human functioning. In his view, when one has a pure reasoning, the more one has the right emotions briefed in three components spirit, appetite, and spirit. Lastly, Stoics' conceptions of the good life regard that for one to achieve a true well-being one may require virtues, which are not inborn but inherited. The stoic account constructs the concept that human beings are born with an awareness of themselves and environmental factors dictate the state of well-being. According to Stoic, virtues are the sole foundation of happiness and all beings are capable of achieving these virtue. Failure of comprehending what is good leads to desirable emotions such s grief and anger (Haidt & Baron, 1996). In my opinion, Plato concept makes the most sense in that he recognizes that emotions can be constructed. In great thoughts, he highlights how poets construct emotions to readers despite lacking the stated emotions. Indeed, destructive emotions can be positive if o ne employs reason and logic to create a deeper understanding. For instance, a murder may desire to undesirable act out of self-gain but through logic and reason on what he would benefit may be a token it would create desirable emotions to him. This is what Plato defines as constructing emotions. Basically, the problematic aspect of Aristotle and the Stoics argument can be outlined on their concept that the more one has a pure life the more one has right emotions and the fact that environmental factors determines the state of being. In reality, Pluto proves that even destructive emotions can be positive if one use reason and logic to augments truth. Question 2 Master-slave analogy has been one of the recurrent metaphors to describe the relationship between reason and emotion. For various eminent thinkers including Plato, Stoics and Kant, reason is ought to be the master of emotions or passions. Do you think that this analogy righty captures the relationship between reason and emotion ? Why, why not? Discuss by using the relevant readings In my opinion, Master-Slave fails to capture the relationship between emotion and reason as it highlights two propositions. First, it suggests that emotion and reason are separate entities and secondly, reason should rule emotions since it is the greater one. Before highlighting the approach of reason and emotion, we will briefly explore the concepts of different ancient